Who said, “Instruction in foreign language is half instruction”:

Who said, “Instruction in foreign language is half instruction”: (a) John Dewey (b) Pestalozzi (c) Ibn-e-Khaldun (d) Fon-e-Jamah ✅ Correct Option: (c) Ibn-e-Khaldun Explanation: Ibn-e-Khaldun strongly emphasized mother-tongue instruction. He argued that teaching in a foreign language weakens comprehension, slows intellectual development, and restricts creative thinking. According to him, when students are taught in an unfamiliar language, half of their mental energy is wasted on understanding the language rather than grasping concepts. This idea reflects modern educational psychology, which supports early education in the mother tongue. Language acts as a medium of thought; therefore, learning is more effective when instruction is delivered in a familiar linguistic context. Hence, Ibn-e-Khaldun’s statement that foreign-language instruction is “half instruction” highlights the importance of linguistic familiarity in education. 10 PPSC-Relevant Facts: 1. Mother tongue aids comprehension. 2. Language shapes thinking. 3. Foreign language burdens cognition. 4. Early education should be native language. 5. Ibn-e-Khaldun opposed forced bilingualism. 6. Concept clarity matters. 7. Modern pedagogy supports this view. 8. Language is tool of intellect. 9. Exam-favorite quotation. 10. Frequently asked MCQ.