Who is considered the father of guidance?
Who is considered the father of guidance?
Options:
(a) Frank Parsons
(b) Kelley
(c) Crow and Crow
(d) Skinner
✅ Correct Option: (a) Frank Parsons
Explanation:
Frank Parsons (1854–1908) is widely regarded as the father of vocational and educational guidance. He established the Vocational Bureau in Boston and developed methods to match students’ abilities, interests, and opportunities. Parsons emphasized three principles: understanding oneself, understanding the world of work, and making reasoned decisions. His work laid the foundation for modern school counseling, career guidance, and personal development programs. In PPSC exams, this figure is frequently asked in the context of guidance, counseling, and educational psychology.
10 Related PPSC Facts:
Frank Parsons = father of guidance Founded Vocational Bureau, Boston Pioneered career guidance Principle 1 = self-understanding Principle 2 = understanding work Principle 3 = reasoned decision-making Laid foundation for school counseling Influenced modern guidance programs Early 20th century = guidance movement Frequently asked in PPSC pedagogy