Who conceived a hierarchy of motives, at the peak of which is a need for self-actualization?

Who conceived a hierarchy of motives, at the peak of which is a need for self-actualization? (a) Alfred A. Knopf (b) Maslow (c) K. Goldstein (d) None ✅ Correct Option: (b) Maslow Explanation: Abraham Maslow proposed the Hierarchy of Needs, arranging human motives from basic physiological needs to self-actualization. Self-actualization represents the fulfillment of one’s potential and creativity. This theory is central to humanistic psychology and frequently appears in competitive exams. 10 PPSC-Relevant Facts: 1. Maslow was a humanistic psychologist. 2. Hierarchy has five levels. 3. Physiological needs are basic. 4. Safety needs follow. 5. Love and belonging come next. 6. Esteem needs precede self-actualization. 7. Self-actualization is the highest need. 8. Theory emphasizes growth. 9. Based on healthy individuals. 10. Very common MCQ topic.