Which term is not related to counterbalancing?
Which term is not related to counterbalancing?
(a) Carryover effect
(b) Order effect
(c) Sequencing effects
(d) Matching
✅ Correct option: (d) Matching
Explanation:
Counterbalancing is a control technique used primarily in within-subjects (repeated measures) designs to minimize sequencing effects. Sequencing effects include order effects and carryover effects that arise when participants are exposed to multiple treatment conditions. Order effects occur when performance changes due to the sequence in which treatments are presented, such as practice or fatigue. Carryover effects occur when the effect of one treatment carries over into subsequent treatments. Counterbalancing systematically varies the order of conditions across participants to neutralize these effects. Matching, however, is a technique used to control participant variables across different groups by pairing individuals with similar characteristics. It is unrelated to counterbalancing and sequencing issues. Therefore, matching is not associated with counterbalancing.
10 Related PPSC Facts:
Counterbalancing controls order effects. Used in repeated measures designs. Carryover effects distort results. Latin square is a counterbalancing method. Practice and fatigue cause order effects. Sequencing effects threaten internal validity. Matching controls participant differences. Counterbalancing equalizes order impact. Washout periods reduce carryover effects. Matching is common in quasi-experiments