Which scientific method is top-down or confirmatory?
Which scientific method is top-down or confirmatory?
Options:
(a) Deductive method
(b) Inductive method
(c) Hypothesis method
(d) Pattern method
✅ Correct Option: (a) Deductive method
Explanation (200+ words):
The deductive method follows a top-down approach, beginning with theories or general principles and moving toward specific observations. It is confirmatory in nature because it tests existing theories through hypothesis testing. Researchers use deduction to verify whether data supports a theory. This method is common in experimental and quantitative research. Deductive reasoning ensures precision, structure, and logical consistency in scientific inquiry.
10 Related PPSC Facts:
Top-down approach. Tests existing theories. Uses hypotheses. Confirmatory method. Common in experiments. Structured research design. Theory-driven. Precise conclusions. Quantitative focus. Scientific rigor.