Which scientific method is a top-down or confirmatory approach?

Which scientific method is a top-down or confirmatory approach?

Options:
(a) Deductive method
(b) Inductive method
(c) Hypothesis method
(d) Pattern method

✅ Correct Option: (a)

Explanation:

The deductive method starts with a theory or hypothesis and then tests it through observation or experimentation. This top-down approach confirms or refutes existing theories. It is widely used in experimental research. Therefore, the correct answer is deductive method.

10 PPSC-Oriented Facts:

  1. Deduction moves from general to specific.
  2. It tests theories.
  3. Top-down approach.
  4. Used in experiments.
  5. Hypotheses guide research.
  6. Confirmation is the goal.
  7. Logical reasoning is key.
  8. Deduction ensures accuracy.
  9. Common in quantitative studies.
  10. Theory precedes data.