Which refers to the cyclical process of collecting and analyzing data during a single research study?

Which refers to the cyclical process of collecting and analyzing data during a single research study? Options: (a) Memoing (b) Segmenting (c) Coding (d) Interim analysis ✅ Correct Option: (d) Interim analysis Explanation (200+ words): Interim analysis refers to the ongoing and cyclical process in which data are analyzed while data collection is still in progress. This approach allows researchers to reflect on early findings, refine research questions, and adjust data collection strategies. Interim analysis is especially common in qualitative research, where flexibility and responsiveness are essential. By analyzing data as they are collected, researchers can identify emerging themes and decide whether additional data are needed. This approach strengthens the depth and relevance of findings and is commonly tested in PPSC methodology questions. 10 PPSC-Related Facts: 1. Interim = during research 2. Data collection and analysis overlap 3. Improves research focus 4. Supports flexible design 5. Common in qualitative studies 6. Enhances depth of analysis 7. Allows refinement of tools 8. Improves validity 9. Used in education research 10. PPSC frequently tests this