Which of the following is the most efficient random sampling technique discussed in your chapter?

Which of the following is the most efficient random sampling technique discussed in your chapter? (a) Simple random sampling

(b) Proportional stratified sampling

(c) Cluster random sampling

(d) Systematic sampling

✅ Correct option: (b) Proportional stratified sampling

Explanation:

Proportional stratified sampling is considered the most efficient random sampling technique because it ensures that all important subgroups (strata) of a population are represented in the sample in proportion to their actual size in the population. In this method, the population is first divided into homogeneous subgroups based on relevant characteristics such as gender, age, or academic level. Then, random samples are drawn from each stratum proportionally. This approach increases precision and representativeness while reducing sampling error. Because variability within each stratum is lower than variability in the overall population, fewer participants are required to achieve accurate results. Compared to simple random sampling, stratified sampling ensures that smaller but important subgroups are not underrepresented. Cluster sampling is less efficient due to higher sampling error, and systematic sampling may introduce bias if hidden patterns exist in the population list. Therefore, proportional stratified sampling provides the best balance between accuracy, efficiency, and representation, making it the superior method.

10 Related PPSC Facts:

Stratified sampling divides population into strata Proportional means same population ratio Reduces sampling error Increases statistical efficiency Ensures subgroup representation Uses random selection within strata Better than simple random sampling Common in educational research Requires prior population information Improves generalizability