Which of the following is an approach to educational planning?

Which of the following is an approach to educational planning? Options: (a) Man-power approach (b) Social Demand approach (c) Both a & b (d) None ✅ Correct option: (c) Both a & b Explanation (200+ words): Educational planning uses different approaches to meet societal and economic needs. The Manpower approach focuses on producing skilled human resources for economic development, while the Social Demand approach emphasizes public demand for education. Both approaches are widely recognized in educational planning literature. Hence, option (c) is correct. 10 PPSC-Oriented Facts: 1. Educational planning guides development. 2. Manpower approach links education to economy. 3. Social demand reflects public needs. 4. Both are planning approaches. 5. Used by policymakers. 6. Balance is required. 7. Planning ensures resource use. 8. Education supports development. 9. Common exam topic. 10. Policy-oriented question.