Which of the following is a teacher-related factor affecting learning?

Which of the following is a teacher-related factor affecting learning? Options: (a) Nature of the content or learning experiences (b) Mastery over the subject-matter (c) Proper seating arrangement (d) Availability of teaching-learning resources ✅ Correct Option: (b) Mastery over the subject-matter Explanation: Teacher-related factors are those that depend directly on the teacher’s qualities, skills, and competencies. Mastery over the subject-matter is one of the most critical teacher-related factors affecting learning. Option (b) is correct because a teacher who has strong command over the subject can explain concepts clearly, answer questions confidently, and adapt instruction to learners’ needs. This directly influences students’ understanding and motivation. Options (a), (c), and (d) relate to content, classroom environment, or resources, not the teacher’s professional competence. Effective teaching requires deep subject knowledge along with pedagogical skills. 10 PPSC-Related Facts: 1. Teacher quality affects learning outcomes. 2. Subject mastery builds confidence. 3. Clear explanation enhances understanding. 4. Teachers guide conceptual learning. 5. Knowledge supports flexibility in teaching. 6. Students trust competent teachers. 7. Good teachers inspire learners. 8. Subject knowledge aids assessment. 9. Professional competence is essential. 10. Teaching effectiveness depends on expertise.