What was the literacy rate in 1972 census?
What was the literacy rate in 1972 census?
Options:
(a) 14.3%
(b) 21.7%
(c) 24.7%
(d) 30.2%
✅ Correct Option: (a) 14.3%)
Explanation (200+ words)
According to the 1972 census, Pakistan’s literacy rate was only 14.3%, one of the lowest in the world at that time. This low rate reflected decades of limited educational planning, poor infrastructure, and widespread poverty. Female literacy was even worse—below 8%.
After the 1971 war, the government realized that such a low literacy level was a major obstacle to economic development and social progress. The country needed literate citizens for industries, agriculture, governance, and modernization. Therefore, this census result became the foundation for Education Policy 1972–80, which targeted rapid expansion of primary education and adult literacy.
The 14.3% rate highlighted inequalities between rural and urban areas. Urban areas had literacy rates above 25%, while rural regions were below 10%. The census also showed massive gender disparity, which shaped future reforms.
10 PPSC Facts
- Literacy rate in 1972 census: 14.3%.
- Female literacy extremely low (~8%).
- Rural literacy below 10%.
- Urban literacy around 25%.
- Census conducted after 1971 separation.
- Triggered need for Education Policy 1972–80.
- Lack of schools major contributor.
- Teacher shortage widespread.
- Adult literacy programs became urgent.
- Pakistan ranked among lowest literacy nations globally.