Using probability laws to infer population characteristics from samples is

Using probability laws to infer population characteristics from samples is Options: (a) Descriptive statistics (b) Inferential statistics (c) Sample statistics (d) Population statistics ✅ Correct Option: (b) Inferential statistics Explanation (200+ words): Inferential statistics uses probability to draw conclusions about populations from samples. 10 PPSC-Related Facts: 1. Uses samples 2. Applies probability theory 3. Includes testing & estimation 4. Goes beyond description 5. Allows generalization 6. Used in research 7. Foundation of statistics 8. Common exam area 9. Based on sampling theory 10. Decision-making tool —

48. A test used to compare 2 or more group means Options: (a) One-way ANOVA (b) Post hoc test (c) t-test for correlation (d) Simple regression ✅ Correct Option: (a) One-way analysis of variance Explanation (200+ words): One-way ANOVA compares the means of two or more independent groups to determine if significant differences exist. 10 PPSC-Related Facts: 1. Compares multiple means 2. Uses F-ratio 3. Developed by Fisher 4. Used in experiments 5. Reduces Type I error 6. Requires assumptions 7. Used after grouping 8. Post hoc follows ANOVA 9. Common exam question 10. Key inferential test