There is only top-down communication in organizations is in

There is only top-down communication in organizations is in Options: (a) Democratic Administration (b) Authoritarian Administration (c) A and B (d) All of these ✅ Correct Option: (b) Authoritarian Administration Explanation (200+ words): In Authoritarian Administration, communication flows strictly from the top level to the lower level. Decisions are made by the leader alone, and instructions are passed downward without seeking feedback from subordinates. This form of administration emphasizes control, discipline, and obedience. Teachers or staff members are expected to follow orders rather than participate in discussions or decision-making processes. Top-down communication ensures quick decision-making and uniformity but often discourages creativity, initiative, and motivation among staff. In schools managed under authoritarian administration, the headmaster issues directives, policies, and rules without consulting teachers. Feedback from subordinates is either ignored or discouraged, making communication one-way. In contrast, Democratic Administration allows two-way and horizontal communication, while Laissez-Faire Administration has minimal structured communication. Therefore, only authoritarian administration relies purely on top-down communication, making option (b) the most accurate answer. 10 PPSC-Related Facts: 1. Communication flow reflects leadership style. 2. Authoritarian leadership emphasizes authority. 3. Feedback is usually discouraged. 4. Decisions are centralized. 5. Discipline is strictly enforced. 6. Innovation is limited. 7. Suitable in crisis situations. 8. Motivation is often extrinsic. 9. Power lies with the leader. 10. One-way communication is common.