The University Grants Commission has started training programme for teachers of:

The University Grants Commission has started training programme for teachers of: (a) Degree Colleges (b) Universities (c) Both Degree Colleges and Universities (d) Schools ✅ Correct option: (c) Both Degree Colleges and Universities Explanation (200+ words) The University Grants Commission (UGC) initiated training programs for teachers of both degree colleges and universities to improve the quality of higher education in Pakistan. Before these programs, many faculty members lacked formal training in pedagogy, research methodology, and curriculum development. Teacher training included workshops, seminars, short courses, and scholarships for higher studies. The aim was to enhance teaching skills, improve academic standards, promote research culture, and ensure uniformity across institutions. Both college lecturers and university faculty benefited, as these programs upgraded their knowledge in modern teaching methods, assessment techniques, and subject specialization. Such initiatives were crucial in the 1970s–1980s, when Pakistan faced a shortage of qualified academics in higher education. The UGC’s training program laid the foundation for professional development, which was later expanded under HEC after 2002. For PPSC, this is a frequently tested question because it highlights UGC’s role in faculty development. 10 Facts for PPSC 1. UGC initiated teacher training in 1970s. 2. Covered both degree colleges and universities. 3. Focus on pedagogy and research skills. 4. Workshops and seminars organized. 5. Scholarships for higher studies provided. 6. Enhanced curriculum delivery. 7. Strengthened teaching quality. 8. Professional development of faculty emphasized. 9. Later expanded by HEC in 2002. 10. Critical for education policy and governance questions.