The ‘tool’ function of theory is

The ‘tool’ function of theory is Options: (a) Summarise existing knowledge (b) Summarise existing hypothesis (c) Make new predictions (d) None of above ✅ Correct option: (c) Make new predictions Explanation (200+ words): A theory in education and social sciences serves several important functions, and one of its most significant roles is acting as a tool for making new predictions. A theory is not merely a collection of facts or summaries of existing knowledge; rather, it provides a conceptual framework that helps researchers and educators anticipate outcomes and guide future action. Theories explain relationships among variables and enable researchers to predict future events under similar conditions. For example, learning theories such as behaviorism or constructivism help teachers predict how students might respond to certain instructional strategies. This predictive ability allows educators to plan lessons, design curricula, and implement teaching methods effectively. While theories may summarize existing knowledge or hypotheses, their most powerful and functional role is to generate new insights and predictions that can be tested through research. Prediction is essential for scientific progress because it leads to experimentation, verification, and refinement of knowledge. Therefore, the “tool” function of theory lies primarily in its ability to guide research and practice by forecasting outcomes. Hence, option (c) is correct. 10 PPSC-Oriented Facts: 1. Theory provides a conceptual framework. 2. Prediction is a key function of theory. 3. Theories guide educational research. 4. Teaching methods are based on theories. 5. Learning theories predict behavior. 6. Theories help test hypotheses. 7. Prediction leads to experimentation. 8. Theory connects facts logically. 9. Scientific progress depends on theory. 10. Theory improves educational practice.