The strongest evidence for causality comes from which research method?

The strongest evidence for causality comes from which research method?

(a) Experimental

(b) Causal-comparative

(c) Correlational

(d) Ethnography

✅ Correct option: (a) Experimental

Explanation:

Experimental research provides the strongest evidence for causality because it involves manipulation of the independent variable, control of extraneous variables, and random assignment. These features allow researchers to confidently conclude that changes in the dependent variable are caused by the independent variable. Causal-comparative and correlational studies cannot establish true cause-and-effect relationships. Ethnography is qualitative and descriptive. Hence, experimental research is the strongest method.

10 Related PPSC Facts:

Experimental research establishes causation Uses manipulation and control Randomization reduces bias High internal validity IV directly affects DV Correlation does not imply causation Causal-comparative lacks manipulation Ethnography is qualitative Experiments test hypotheses Most rigorous research design