The process whereby the genetic factors limit an individual's responsiveness to the environment is known as–

The process whereby the genetic factors limit an individual's responsiveness to the environment is known as– Options: (a) Canalization (b) Discontinuity (c) Differentiation (d) Range of reaction ✅ Correct option: (a) Canalization Explanation (200+ words): Canalization is a concept in developmental psychology that refers to the degree to which heredity constrains development. Strongly canalized traits develop in a predictable way, relatively unaffected by environmental variations. For example, basic motor skills such as crawling or walking follow a genetically programmed sequence, showing minimal environmental impact. Canalization explains why certain developmental milestones are consistent across individuals despite varying environments. Options like discontinuity, differentiation, and range of reaction refer to other developmental concepts. Range of reaction refers to potential behaviors shaped by genetics and environment, but canalization specifically denotes genetic limits to environmental responsiveness. Hence, option (a) is correct. 10 PPSC-Oriented Facts: 1. Coined by Waddington. 2. Explains predictable development. 3. Strongly canalized traits resist environmental influence. 4. Examples: walking, reflexes. 5. Distinguishes heredity vs environment. 6. Helps understand genetic constraints. 7. Related to biological maturation. 8. Concept used in developmental psychology. 9. Contrasts with plasticity. 10. Important for child development planning.