Technical Education from the Universities and Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education were established:

Technical Education from the Universities and Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education were established: (a) Separated (b) Joined (c) Merge (d) None ✅ Correct option: (a) Separated Explanation (200+ words) Technical education in Pakistan is administratively separated from universities and Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (BISE). While universities focus on degree programs and research, and BISE manages secondary and higher secondary education, technical education is managed through technical boards, polytechnics, and vocational institutes. Separation ensures specialized administration, curriculum, and assessment for technical and vocational subjects, distinct from academic curricula. Technical boards conduct exams for diploma courses, certifications, and short-term vocational programs. Universities offer engineering and applied science degrees. This dual structure was emphasized during the National Education Policies of 1972 and 1992, aiming to strengthen both academic and technical sectors. The separation allows technical education to focus on skill development, industrial training, and manpower preparation, supporting Pakistan’s economic and industrial development while maintaining academic rigor in universities and BISE-administered schools. 10 Facts for PPSC 1. Technical education = separate from universities and BISE. 2. Managed by technical boards and polytechnics. 3. Curriculum focused on vocational and applied skills. 4. Universities provide engineering and applied degrees. 5. Introduced in post-1947 education reforms. 6. National Education Policies reinforced separation. 7. Supports workforce development. 8. Includes diploma, certificate, and trade programs. 9. Assessment through technical boards, not BISE. 10. Common PPSC question on structure of education system.