Teaching will be effective if the teacher

Teaching will be effective if the teacher Options: (a) is a master of the subject (b) has much experience in teaching the subject (c) starts from what students know already (d) uses many instructional aids ✅ Correct Option: (c) starts from what students know already Explanation of Correct Answer (200+ words): Teaching is most effective when it connects new knowledge with students’ prior knowledge. Starting from what students already know helps them relate, understand, and retain new concepts. Educational psychology strongly supports this principle, emphasizing that learning is a process of building upon existing cognitive structures. Subject mastery and experience are valuable, but without considering students’ background knowledge, teaching may become ineffective. Similarly, instructional aids are supportive tools but not substitutes for meaningful learning connections. When teachers begin from familiar concepts, students feel confident and motivated. This approach follows the principles of known to unknown, simple to complex, and concrete to abstract. Hence, option (c) best defines effective teaching. 10 Related Facts (PPSC-Oriented): 1. Learning builds on prior knowledge. 2. Known-to-unknown principle aids learning. 3. Confidence improves participation. 4. Background knowledge affects comprehension. 5. Constructivist theory supports this approach. 6. Motivation increases with familiarity. 7. Effective teaching is learner-centered. 8. Misalignment causes confusion. 9. Scaffolding supports learning. 10. Meaningful learning ensures retention.