Teacher should be a master of subject and guides discussion, class should be teacher centered, according to?

Teacher should be a master of subject and guides discussion, class should be teacher centered, according to?
(a) Existentialism
(b) Pragmatism
(c) Realism
(d) Perennialism

✅ Correct Answer: (d) Perennialism
Explanation: In Perennialism, the teacher is seen as the intellectual authority and master of subject matter who directs discussion. The classroom is teacher-centered rather than student-centered.