Uncategorized 8.1.3 Characteristics of Text Books The characteristics of text books are their size, bindings and paper, print. and pictures. Pictures are selected on the basis of their instructional value. Illustrations in text books are not Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.1.2 Types of Textbooks A text book may be a paper book, hard card, visual book, A.V learning materials or an electronic book, on line book or other machine related tool. Text books Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 8.1.1 History In ancient Greece, textbooks were used specifically for educational purposes. While they are still used for education, the format and content of textbooks has become standardized with mass production. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized CHAPTER -8 INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS 8.1 TEXT BOOK Definitions of a Text Book: Text book is the term for a book used in a course as the base around which the course is built. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 7.3 OVERVIEW OF THE CURRICULUM OF CLASSES' 1-VIII Elementary stage offers eight years education including 5 year program, known as primary stage followed by three years education, known as middle stage. The curriculum at primary stage It includes; Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 7.2 FACTORS AFFECTING Curriculum Development IN PAKISTAN Curriculum development is influenced by several factors. Several factors affect all curriculum development in meeting the needs of 21st century learners in both organized academic settings and corporation learning centers. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 5 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.6 Curriculum Development Pitfalls Several major obstacles affecting the quality and effectiveness of the curriculum development process in Pakistan-are summarized below. Expertise Some serving teachers are, of course, involved in curriculum development. But notwithstanding Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.5 Steps Involved In Curriculum Development Mechanism * Curriculum wing request the provincial centers to prepar draft curriculum for each subject taught in various classes up to class XII * Provincial centers call for committee of teachers, subjen specialists, Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.4 Mechanism of Curriculum Development in Pakistan Whenever it is intended to frame or revise curriculum, the curriculum wing send the proposal to provincial curriculum bureau/centers. These bureau/centers develop or revise the curriculum in the Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.3 Higher Education Curriculum The higher education curriculum in Pakistan is the function of the respective departments of the universities or colleges. The title of courses and broader framework are usually discussed in the Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.2 Curriculum change Phases The following six-phase strategy has been adopted for implementing curriculum change: * Evolution of curriculum objectives (by level) * Development of scheme of studies (by level). * Development of syllabus of each subject. Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 3 min read
Uncategorized 7.1.1 Curriculum Wing The Federal Government through a notification in 1976 nominated the Curriculum Wing of the Ministry of Education as the 'competent authority' for classes' I-XII and the University Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
Uncategorized 7.1 PROCESS OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT IN PAKISTAN In Pakistan, curriculum, syllabus, planning, policy centers of excellence and standards of education are on the concurrent list of the Constitution of Pakistan. The Federal Ministry of Education has been Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized CHAPTER -7 DEVELOPMENT OF CURRICULUM IN PAKISTAN Pakistan governed under the Islamic, democratic, federal Constitution of 1973 is comprised of four autonomous provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtonkha (Ex-North-West Frontier) and Baluchistan. Education in Pakistan Education in Pakistan Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
Uncategorized 6.6 TEACHER AS CURRICULUM DEVELOPER Although instructional supervision is an administrative responsibility. teachers' insights are critical for developing a successful curriculum. Their sincerity and sensibility are of prime importance. The teacher's role Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 3 min read
Uncategorized 6.5.9 Sequence of Curriculum Content Sequence is the order in which content is presented to learners. Sequence is influenced by the following principals; Any curriculum content needs to be properly selected and organized. The following Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 2 min read
Uncategorized 6.5.8 Scope of the Curriculum Content The level to which a topic can be taught is called scope of curriculum content. Scope refers to the depth and breadth of content with in the curriculum at any Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
Uncategorized 6.5.7 Organization, Structuring or Sequencing of Content The term architectonics relate to the structures needed to present a curriculum and the principles which assist the curriculum developer to organize the content of a curriculum in such a Tauseef Ahmad 3 Sep 2023 · 1 min read
