“Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains.” This statement has been given by–

“Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains.” This statement has been given by– Options: (a) Abraham Maslow (b) Jean Jacques Rousseau (c) John Dewey (d) W. H. Kilpatrick ✅ Correct option: (b) Jean Jacques Rousseau Explanation (200+ words): The famous statement “Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains” was given by Jean Jacques Rousseau, a prominent philosopher of the Naturalist School of Thought. This quotation appears in his renowned work The Social Contract. Rousseau believed that humans are naturally good and free at birth, but society, institutions, traditions, and artificial restrictions gradually enslave them. In the context of education, Rousseau emphasized natural development, freedom, and child-centered learning. He strongly opposed rigid discipline, forced instruction, and authoritarian teaching methods. According to him, education should allow the child to grow freely according to natural instincts and interests. Rousseau’s philosophy influenced modern educational thinkers by stressing democracy, liberty, and respect for the learner’s individuality. Unlike Maslow, who focused on human needs, or Dewey and Kilpatrick, who emphasized pragmatism and experience-based learning, Rousseau highlighted freedom from social chains as the basis of human and educational development. Therefore, the correct answer is Jean Jacques Rousseau. 10 PPSC-Oriented Facts: 1. Rousseau was a Naturalist philosopher. 2. He wrote The Social Contract. 3. Advocated child-centered education. 4. Emphasized freedom in learning. 5. Opposed rigid discipline. 6. Believed humans are naturally good. 7. Influenced democratic education. 8. Supported learning through nature. 9. Education should follow child’s interests. 10. A key thinker of modern education.