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administration-and-management
  • What a person gives up when making a decision is commonly called:
  • The decision-making process is a set of eight steps that begins with
  • When purchasing a new car, consumers will consider mileage, color, and style, such as price, gas
  • ______ includes putting a decision into action, conveying the decision to those affected, and getting their commitment to it.
  • Managerial decision making is assumed to be ______ in that managers make consistent, value-maximizing choices within specific constraints.
  • ______ implies that managers can make accurate decisions because the outcome of every alternative is known.
  • When managers assign probabilities to outcomes that may result, they are dealing with
  • Creativity can be limited by the organizational factor
  • When managers construct simplified models that extract essential features without capturing complexities, they are making decisions based on
  • When decision makers behave rationally within bounded rationality limits, the result is a ______ decision.
  • Which of the following is a common pitfall in the shared decision-making process?
  • If standardized test data are used in the principal's study, which should the principal consider to measure performance across repeated test administrations?
  • What is the first step of the standard agenda?
  • The nominal group technique is a good way to allow all group members to have a say in the final decision?
  • Which decision-making rule has all the group members agreeing on the final decision?
  • Which decision-making rule has the group give up its say in the final decision?
  • Organizational behavior is all of the following EXCEPT:
  • The four management functions include all of the following EXCEPT
  • According to the text, the best approach for obtaining knowledge about human behavior is:
  • The ______ assumption is being replaced by one that recognizes and values ______.
  • When Lilly overstates the risk of swimming due to the risk of shark attack, she is employing a(n)
  • ______ represents the tendency to stay the course, despite negative data that suggest one should do otherwise.
  • The statement "we promote from within, whenever possible" is an example of
  • Which of the following is an example of a non-programmed decision?
  • Organizational design decisions are typically made by
  • In ______ a job is broken into steps, and each step is completed by a separate individual.
  • For a manager to control or direct the work of an employee, the manager must have
  • Jean is a staffing manager at a car manufacturing plant. Her function would be best described as having
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the five types of power described by French and Raven?
  • Gary is powerful because he can decide year-end bonuses. This is referred to as
  • ______ is a function of how much decision-making authority is pushed down to lower levels.
  • A plant with HR, engineering, purchasing, and accounting is organized on the basis of
  • An organic organization is characterized by
  • Which structure defies the rule of having only one boss but keeps functional specialization?
  • Organizations that continuously adapt and change because members solve problems actively are called ______ organizations.
  • The characteristic of culture showing concern for employees is
  • The stronger the organization’s ______, the less managers need formal rules.
  • Organizational behavior is the study of
  • The element of motivation that is an internal state making outcomes attractive is
  • Situational Leadership Theory: style with both directive and supportive behavior is
  • The universities of ______ and Halle were Prussian institutions emphasizing economic disciplines.
  • Public administrators collect and analyze data, monitor budgets, draft legislation, and develop policy.
  • Classic scholars including Plato, ______, and Machiavelli shaped public administration.
  • Public management” refers to routine management concerns in achieving
  • In the ______ the academic field draws heavily on political science and law.
  • The pursuit of public good by ensuring a fair and effective public service relates to
  • Scholars such as John A. Rohr write about constitutional legitimacy of government ______.
  • Public administration can be broadly defined as implementation and study of ______.
  • Public administration is carried out by ______ who work in agencies at all levels.
  • The final step of the decision-making process is:
  • Examples of substitutes do NOT include which of the following?
  • Which skills might be included in leadership training?
  • Honesty is absolutely essential to leadership.
  • Transformational leadership is built on top of transactional leadership.
  • Work specialization is the same as:
  • The ______ is characterized by highly routine operating tasks achieved through specialization.
  • The ______ violates the unity-of-command concept.
  • The ______ is also called the network or modular organization.
  • The boundaryless organization relies heavily on:
  • The ______ is characterized by extensive departmentalization, high formalization, limited information network, and centralization.
  • What is a budget?
  • What is the leadership skill?
  • What is NOT a main role of leadership?
  • Which is NOT a type of supervision?
  • Which is NOT a characteristic of modern supervision?
  • What is the main function of management?
  • Essential skill of management?
  • What does management work method involve?
  • Which is NOT a classical management theory?
  • Who is the main contributor to Bureaucratic management?
  • _____ means organizations are becoming more heterogeneous in gender, race & ethnicity.
  • ______ differences helped us understand value and behavior differences across countries.
  • Which discipline contributed MOST to understanding individual behavior?
  • Individual-level independent variables include:
  • OB studies individuals, groups, and structure to improve effectiveness.
  • Robert Katz identified technical, human & conceptual skills.
  • Process of organizing and interpreting sensory impressions is called:
  • NOT a factor influencing perception:
  • Because we cannot notice everything, we engage in:
  • Because we cannot notice everything, we engage in:
  • Decision quality is largely influenced by:
  • According to Fiedler's contingency theory, if there is NOT a match of leadership style to the group situation, what should be done?
  • The leader-participation model was developed by
  • Vroom and Yetton's leadership theory could also be described as a ____ theory.
  • Management is about coping with complexity while leadership is about coping with change.
  • Trait research provides a basis for selecting the "right" person to assume formal leadership roles.
  • Which of the following is NOT a dimension of trust?
  • The ability to inspire followers to transcend their self-interests for the good of the company is part of ____ leadership.
  • Leaders demonstrate framing when they use language to:
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the specific team-based managerial roles?
  • A ____ is a senior employee who sponsors and supports a less-experienced employee.
  • Which of the following is NOT a determinant of an organization’s structure?
  • Changes in corporate strategy precede and lead to:
  • Process reengineering requires organizing around which type of process?
  • What is action research?
  • Resistance can be:
  • Refreezing involves:
  • The arrangement of one’s workplace is important because:
  • Which programs focus on an employee’s mental & physical condition?
  • Educational Administration studies:
  • Administrators’ duty is:
  • NOT a step in rational decision making:
  • People with the ____ style adapt to novel situations.
  • NOT an organizational constraint:
  • Greatest good for greatest number is:
  • The reality of a situation is what is behaviorally important.
  • Expectations distort perception; we see what we expect.
  • Which is true?
  • People are born with traits that predispose them to leadership—this is:
  • Consideration was missing in behavioral theories:
  • Fiedler assumes leadership style is:
  • Main function of Administration:
  • School administration follows principles of:
  • Educational administration concerns which level?
  • Administration is determinative; management is:
  • Purpose of General Administration:
  • Principles of organization include:
  • Characteristics of a learning organization:
  • Characteristics of formal organization:
  • Benefit of informal organization:
  • Key characteristic of informal organization:
  • Disadvantage of informal groups:
  • Basic function of management:
  • Main contributor of scientific management theory:
  • Frank & Lillian Gilbreth were:
  • Basic principle of Administrative theory:
  • Who is Maslow?
  • Maslow’s hierarchy includes:
  • Psychological need:
  • Social needs:
  • Administrative tasks include:

Examples of substitutes do NOT include which of the following?

Examples of substitutes do NOT include which of the following? (a) Explicit formalized goals (b) Rigid rules and procedures (c) Cohesive work groups (d) Inexperience ✅ Correct option: (d) Inexperience Explanation: Substitutes for leadership include structure and group cohesion, not lack of experience.

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