Effective feedback should have personalized written comments and:
Effective feedback should have personalized written comments and:
Options:
(a) a discussion of topics covered on the test
(b) the correct answer with blocked explanations
(c) background information on the incorrect distractors
(d) constructive criticism
✅ Correct Option: (d) constructive criticism
Explanation (200+ words):
Effective feedback is one of the most powerful tools for improving student learning. Personalized written comments help students understand their strengths and weaknesses, but without constructive criticism, feedback loses its instructional value. Constructive criticism focuses on guiding students toward improvement rather than merely pointing out errors. It explains what went wrong, why it went wrong, and how it can be corrected in future attempts. Educational psychology emphasizes that feedback should be specific, supportive, and actionable. Constructive criticism promotes a growth mindset by encouraging students to see mistakes as learning opportunities. Unlike vague praise or negative remarks, constructive feedback helps students develop self-regulation, motivation, and confidence. Research shows that students respond better when teachers balance positive reinforcement with clear guidance for improvement. In PPSC-related pedagogy, effective feedback is aligned with formative assessment principles. It supports mastery learning, reduces anxiety, and enhances academic achievement. Constructive criticism also strengthens the teacher-student relationship, making learning a collaborative process rather than a judgmental one.
10 Related Facts (PPSC Focus):
Feedback is most effective when it is timely. Constructive criticism encourages intrinsic motivation. Vague praise has little instructional value. Feedback should focus on task, not personality. Written feedback is more permanent than verbal. Formative assessment relies heavily on feedback. Feedback improves metacognitive skills. Specific feedback leads to higher achievement. Effective feedback reduces learned helplessness. PPSC often links feedback with motivation theories.