Curriculum as sum total of student activities is defined by:

Curriculum as sum total of student activities is defined by:

Options:

(a) Alberty A. & Alberty E.

(b) H. Robert Beck

(c) W. Waller Cook

(d) None

✅ Correct Option: (a) Alberty A. & Alberty E.

Explanation:

Alberty and Alberty defined curriculum as the sum total of student activities sponsored by the school. This definition highlights curriculum as more than textbooks—it includes classroom activities, co-curricular experiences, and social interactions.

10 Related PPSC Facts:

Activity-based curriculum School-sponsored experiences Child-centered approach Beyond textbooks Holistic development Modern definition Learning by doing Educational objectives Progressive education Common PPSC question