Critical pedagogy firmly believes that

Critical pedagogy firmly believes that Options: (a) The experiences and perceptions of learners are important (b) the teacher should always lead the classroom instruction (c) The learners need not independently reason (d) what children learn out of school is irrelevant ✅ Correct Option: (a) The experiences and perceptions of learners are important Explanation: Critical pedagogy is an educational philosophy that emphasizes empowerment, reflection, and social awareness. It strongly believes that learners bring valuable experiences, perceptions, and cultural backgrounds into the classroom, which should be acknowledged and integrated into teaching and learning. Option (a) is correct because critical pedagogy values students’ lived experiences as a foundation for meaningful learning. This approach encourages dialogue, questioning, and critical thinking rather than passive acceptance of information. It aims to make learners socially conscious and capable of transforming society. Options (b), (c), and (d) contradict the philosophy of critical pedagogy, which opposes authoritarian teaching and rejects the idea that learners should not reason independently. Critical pedagogy promotes democratic classrooms and learner voice, making education relevant and transformative. 10 PPSC-Related Facts: 1. Critical pedagogy promotes reflection. 2. Learners’ experiences matter. 3. Education is socially grounded. 4. Dialogue is essential. 5. Learners are active participants. 6. Encourages critical thinking. 7. Teacher is a co-learner. 8. Learning connects with real life. 9. Education empowers learners. 10. Democratic values are emphasized.