At the time of partition in 1947, there were ______ working.

At the time of partition in 1947, there were ______ working. (a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 2 ✅ Correct option: (c) 3 Explanation (200+ words) At the time of partition in 1947, there were only 3 technical institutes functioning in the areas that became Pakistan. These were the main centers providing vocational and technical education to prepare skilled manpower for industries, workshops, and government services. Technical education was extremely limited during British rule in the western territories, and the 3 institutes were insufficient to meet the country’s industrial and infrastructure needs. They offered basic training in carpentry, masonry, mechanical work, drafting, and metalwork. Most students were enrolled to gain practical skills rather than academic degrees. After independence, the government recognized the urgent need to expand technical education. Many polytechnic institutes, technical colleges, and vocational centers were established during the 1950s and 1960s. This expansion aimed to produce engineers, technicians, and skilled laborers to support industrialization plans. For PPSC exams, this number reflects the early technical education scenario in Pakistan and highlights the challenges faced in creating a trained workforce. 10 Facts for PPSC 1. Number of technical institutes in 1947 = 3. 2. Offered vocational and practical skills. 3. Located mainly in urban centers. 4. Shortage of skilled labor after partition. 5. Students trained in carpentry, mechanical work, masonry. 6. No widespread technical education in rural areas. 7. Expansion occurred under first Five-Year Plan. 8. Polytechnics established later in 1950s–1960s. 9. Technical education vital for industrialization. 10. Often tested in PPSC historical education questions.