Assuming innocence until "proven" guilty, a Type I error occurs when an innocent person is found guilty.

Assuming innocence until "proven" guilty, a Type I error occurs when an innocent person is found guilty. Options: (a) True (b) False (c) None of the above (d) All of these ✅ Correct Option: (a) True Explanation (200+ words): In the legal analogy of hypothesis testing, the null hypothesis represents innocence. A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected. Translating this into legal terms, it means declaring a person guilty when they are actually innocent. This analogy is commonly used to explain the seriousness of Type I errors. In many real-world contexts, such as law and medicine, Type I errors are considered more serious than Type II errors. Therefore, significance levels (α) are often set low (e.g., 0.05). Hence, the statement is true. 10 PPSC-Related Facts: 1. Type I = false positive 2. Rejecting true null hypothesis 3. Innocent found guilty analogy 4. Controlled by alpha level 5. Common alpha = 0.05 6. More serious in law/medicine 7. Decision-making error 8. Statistical analogy used widely 9. Common exam explanation 10. Important inferential concept