Article 13 of the 1972 Education Policy refers to ______ education.

Article 13 of the 1972 Education Policy refers to ______ education. (a) Islamic (b) Scientific (c) Adult (d) Teacher ✅ Correct Option: (c) Adult Explanation (200+ words) In the Education Policy of 1972, Article 13 refers to Adult Education. The government recognized that millions of adults in Pakistan were illiterate, and without addressing adult literacy, national development goals would remain unattainable. Therefore, Article 13 emphasized launching large-scale adult literacy programs, establishing literacy centers, and mobilizing youth, teachers, and volunteers. The policy highlighted that adult education was essential for improving economic productivity, enabling social participation, and promoting national cohesion. It aimed to teach basic reading, writing, arithmetic, and awareness about health, hygiene, and citizenship. Adult education centers were planned in rural and urban areas to support adults who missed formal schooling. The 1972 policy is highly significant because it attempted to universalize education at all levels—primary, secondary, higher, and adult learning. Article 13 is an important part of this policy and is frequently tested in PPSC exams. 10 PPSC-Relevant Facts 1. Article 13 of 1972 policy = Adult Education. 2. Aimed to reduce adult illiteracy. 3. Literacy centers planned across Pakistan. 4. Youth volunteers involved in teaching. 5. Focus on reading, writing, arithmetic. 6. Linked to national development goals. 7. Emphasized community participation. 8. Included health & civic education. 9. Part of universal education reforms. 10. Policy introduced by Bhutto government in 1972.