According to Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is:
According to Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is:
Options:
(a) About 50,000 words
(b) Unlimited
(c) About 25 stimuli
(d) About 7 "chunks" of information
✅ Correct Option: (d) About 7 "chunks" of information
Explanation:
George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist, proposed the famous “Magic Number Seven” theory, which states that the capacity of short-term memory (STM) is 7 ± 2 chunks of information. A chunk can be a single item or a meaningful unit of information. For example, remembering “1-9-4-7” as four digits or as a single year (chunk) illustrates chunking. STM is limited and temporary, typically holding information for 15–30 seconds without rehearsal. Understanding STM capacity is crucial for educators because it affects how teachers present new material, organize lessons, and ensure students can effectively process information. Overloading STM can reduce learning efficiency. PPSC often tests candidates on cognitive theories like Miller’s STM capacity.
10 Related PPSC Facts:
Miller = Magic Number 7 STM holds 7 ± 2 chunks Chunk = meaningful unit Duration of STM = 15–30 seconds Rehearsal extends retention Important for teaching methods Overloading STM reduces learning STM precedes long-term memory Cognitive psychology concept Frequently asked in PPSC pedagogy